Uric Acid
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. The kidneys excrete most of it. When uric acid is too high, it can crystallise in joints (causing gout) or kidneys (forming stones). High uric acid is also associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk.
Normal Range
Men: 3.4–7.0 mg/dL; Women: 2.4–6.0 mg/dL
Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always interpret your result in context with your doctor.
Why is Uric Acid measured?
Uric acid is tested to evaluate gout, kidney stones, kidney function, certain cancers and chemotherapy, and metabolic syndrome.
High Uric Acid means…
High uric acid (hyperuricaemia) raises the risk of gout (sudden, painful joint inflammation, often the big toe), kidney stones, and chronic kidney disease. It is more common in men, after menopause in women, and in people with metabolic syndrome.
Low Uric Acid means…
Low uric acid is unusual. Causes include low purine diet, excess water intake, certain medications (allopurinol overdose), or rare genetic conditions.
Symptoms associated with abnormal Uric Acid
When Uric Acid is high:
- Sudden severe joint pain (often big toe) — gout attack
- Joint warmth, redness, swelling
- Kidney stones (severe back/flank pain, blood in urine)
- Tophi (uric acid deposits under skin) in chronic gout
When Uric Acid is low:
- Usually asymptomatic
How to improve your Uric Acid
- Limit beer, sugar-sweetened drinks, and organ meats — these are the strongest dietary drivers.
- Coffee (3+ cups daily) and dairy reduce gout risk.
- Adequate hydration (2L water/day) helps the kidneys excrete uric acid.
- Weight loss reduces uric acid; rapid weight loss can paradoxically trigger gout.
Frequently asked questions about Uric Acid
What is the uric acid level for gout?
Most gout occurs at uric acid above 6.8 mg/dL — the saturation point at which uric acid begins to crystallise. Many people with high uric acid never develop gout, but the higher the value the greater the risk.
Can fructose raise uric acid?
Yes — uniquely so. Fructose metabolism in the liver directly generates uric acid, which is why sugary drinks (high in fructose) are strongly linked to gout. Whole fruit causes much less impact than soft drinks.
Medical Sources
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your individual results.