Serum Iron
Serum iron measures the amount of iron circulating in the blood at the moment of testing. It fluctuates throughout the day. It is interpreted alongside ferritin (storage), TIBC (transport capacity), and transferrin saturation rather than alone.
Normal Range
Men: 65–175 µg/dL; Women: 50–170 µg/dL
Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always interpret your result in context with your doctor.
Why is Iron measured?
Serum iron is part of an iron studies panel used to diagnose iron deficiency, iron overload, and anaemia of chronic disease. Single iron values can mislead — always look at the full panel.
High Iron means…
High serum iron, especially with high transferrin saturation, suggests iron overload or haemochromatosis. It can also be elevated by recent iron supplementation.
Low Iron means…
Low serum iron suggests iron deficiency, anaemia of chronic disease, or recent blood loss. Combined with low ferritin, it confirms iron deficiency.
Symptoms associated with abnormal Iron
When Iron is high:
- Joint pain
- Fatigue
- Bronze skin discolouration in advanced haemochromatosis
When Iron is low:
- Fatigue, weakness
- Hair loss
- Brittle nails
- Cold extremities
How to improve your Iron
- Take iron supplements on an empty stomach with vitamin C if low — improves absorption.
- Test in the morning before food or supplements; serum iron varies through the day.
- Always interpret with ferritin and transferrin saturation.
Frequently asked questions about Iron
Why is single iron value misleading?
Serum iron varies by 30–40% during the day and is heavily influenced by recent meals and supplements. Ferritin and transferrin saturation are more stable indicators of body iron status.
Medical Sources
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your individual results.