Transferrin Saturation
Transferrin saturation is the percentage of transferrin (the iron-carrying protein) currently bound with iron. Calculated as (serum iron ÷ TIBC) × 100. It is one of the best single markers of body iron status.
Normal Range
20–50% (men slightly higher)
Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always interpret your result in context with your doctor.
Why is Transferrin Sat measured?
Transferrin saturation is part of the iron studies panel. Above 45% on two tests is the screening threshold for haemochromatosis. Below 16% strongly suggests iron deficiency.
High Transferrin Sat means…
Saturation above 45% (men) or 40% (women) raises concern for haemochromatosis or iron overload. Above 90% is highly suggestive and warrants HFE genetic testing.
Low Transferrin Sat means…
Saturation below 16% suggests iron deficiency. Combined with low ferritin, it confirms it; combined with normal/high ferritin, it suggests anaemia of chronic disease (functional iron deficiency).
Symptoms associated with abnormal Transferrin Sat
When Transferrin Sat is high:
- Joint pain (haemochromatosis)
- Fatigue, low libido
- Bronze skin discolouration in advanced disease
- Liver dysfunction
When Transferrin Sat is low:
- Fatigue, hair loss, restless legs
- Reduced exercise tolerance
How to improve your Transferrin Sat
- Persistent saturation >45% warrants HFE genetic testing — particularly important if family history of haemochromatosis.
- Saturation <16% with low ferritin needs iron supplementation.
Frequently asked questions about Transferrin Sat
What saturation indicates haemochromatosis?
Transferrin saturation above 45% on two fasting morning tests is the standard screening threshold. Above 90% is highly suggestive and prompts HFE genetic testing.
Medical Sources
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your individual results.